Becoming a Data Scientist: Master’s Program, Bootcamp, or MOOCs?

This post is contributed by Irmak Sirer, a partner and data scientist at Datascope, where he solves business problems with data by designing analyses and interfaces. Irmak has helped companies across industries solve problems with data, from small companies to members of the Fortune 50. Working with Metis, Irmak is an instructor for their Data Science Bootcamp program which will be starting on September 2nd in New York City. You can read the full version of this post on the Datascope website.

One of the most frequent questions we hear, right behind “so, what exactly is a data scientist” or “what makes a great data scientist”, is “how do I become one? I should probably just get a Master’s, right?” Perhaps not anymore; rising costs, changing demand, and the Internet are disrupting this traditional path and providing two viable alternatives. At one extreme, self-learning through Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) give access to courses at an extremely low cost (often free), but leave it “as an exercise for the reader” to identify a suitable set of courses and tools to round out a coherent skillset. Bootcamps offer a middle ground where students can pay for a structured learning environment at a far more affordable rate compared with obtaining a Master’s Degree. So, “which path do I take?”

We think the answer to that question largely depends on the student. In some cases a student will prefer attending a bootcamp whereas in other cases a student will prefer receiving a Master’s at a university or taking university courses online through MOOCs.

Here at Datascope we see great benefits from the bootcamp format, so when Metis (a part of Kaplan) contacted us about partnering to design a data science bootcamp, we jumped at the opportunity. We thought we could take all these points we see as the advantages of the format, and elevate them as much as we could. So, we designed a course that would give aspiring data scientists a lot of experience with 4-5 projects, and a guided route of several core data science concepts and approaches. Participants can quickly build the necessary foundation without the burden of teaching herself everything or paying the handsome price of a Master’s program before realizing her dream job. If you’re interested, our Data Science Bootcamp program is starting on September 2 in New York (applications due by August 11), and you can learn more about it here.

Since there are many things to consider when choosing which program works best for you, in a separate post, we do a thought experiment to compare the three experiences for a fictitious aspiring data scientist named Audrey. For the sake of brevity, the following table summarizes our thinking about what each of these experiences is like and, more importantly, who they are ideally suited for.

	Masters	Self-taught (MOOCs)	Bootcamp
Learning	Theory-rich learning	Self-guided learning	Experiential learning
Teachers	Live university faculty professors	Recorded university faculty professors	Practicing data scientists
Outcome	Diploma	Certificate	Portfolio of projects
Duration	9 - 20 months	6 - 18 months (part-time)	2 - 3 months
Tuition	$20,000 - $70,000	$0 - $500	$0 - $14,000
Networking	1.5 years of social networking	Isolated; no in-person networking	Collaborative networking
Projects	Internship + practicum projects	Projects on own time	Projects built in to experience
Job hunt	University-wide recruiting day	Self-driven job search	Hiring day organized by bootcamp; talent placement manager helps with hunt
Ideal for	People that enjoy immersing themselves in campus life and want to take time to let the new material absorb while learning in a structured environment with the full credentials of a University degree.	People that thrive with ambiguity and self-guided environments and are motivated enough to design their own curriculum around their own strengths and weaknesses.	People that want to switch or accelerate careers ASAP and want to have confidence that the switch will result in a job they will like while learning in a structured environment.

As technology increases the rate of change of society, the most successful workers will be those that can quickly shift to new specialties and learn on the job to meet market demands. In our opinion, the bootcamp format provides the benefits of personalization, credentialing, and social learning that a Master’s degree offers, but at an accelerated rate with experiential learning. Sure it is more expensive than being self-taught, but the connection with employers and the guided, experiential learning process increases your confidence to tackle the uncertain prospect of making a career switch.

To become a data scientist, you don’t need to have postgraduate degrees, or 20 years experience, or be proficient with every data-related technique and tool under the sun. What you need is to have enough baseline knowledge and experience, and the skill to constantly adapt and learn. Bootcamps, in our opinion, are the perfect medium for making the transition.

Burtch Works' Best Advice on the Interview Process, Consulting Jobs, MBA's, and More

In the thousands of conversations that Burtch Works’ team of specialized recruiters have had with analytics and marketing research professionals, we’ve answered many questions about the recruiting process, career paths, and the hiring market. For this blog post, I asked our recruiters about the most common questions they answer on a daily basis, and how they advise their candidates.

The Interview Process

Q: How long does the whole interview process normally take?

BW: Once a company has expressed interest in your resume, the interview process will involve one or two phone interviews, an in-person meeting (or two), and any follow up activity (i.e. background, reference, or credit checks), so 4-8 weeks is pretty standard. 

There are, of course, some extreme cases: if a company has an urgent need they may make an offer very quickly, or on the other end of the spectrum, a very bureaucratic organization may take two months or even longer to make a hiring decision. Especially around vacation/holiday times, coordinating around multiple travel schedules can be an additional challenge when trying to arrange interviews.

Bottom line: Expect the process to take a little over a month, but it’s important to be flexible and patient. Check out our series of whitepapers which has great tips for professionals at every step of the interview process.

Consulting Jobs

Q: I hear consulting jobs pay well, what skills would I need to be a consultant?

BW: Consulting positions do tend to pay well in marketing research and analytics (to see how salaries break down in every industry check out our Burtch Works studies). The industry is seeing a lot of growth right now, and for the professional with great client-facing skills who doesn’t mind a rigorous travel schedule, there are a lot of great opportunities out there. I wrote a blog piece not too long ago discussing some of the other traits I typically see in successful consultants.

Bottom line: The consulting industry is growing and pays well, but make sure your communication skills are up to snuff and that your lifestyle is well-suited to a heavy travel schedule.

Pursuing an MBA

Q: Do I need to go back to school and pursue an MBA if I already have a quantitative degree?

BW: Although it never hurts to further your education, we generally don’t see employers specifically looking for candidates with a business degree in addition to a quantitative Master’s degree (or MMR for marketing research professionals). For certain leadership positions, employers may favor a candidate who can demonstrate their business knowledge and develop a strategic approach over a candidate who does not, but you may be able to develop those skills in leadership roles at work, not just from a business degree.

Bottom line: Developing business acumen might not necessarily mean pursuing an additional degree, if you can develop an understanding of important business concepts on your own.

Marketing Research Hiring Market

Q: What about for us marketing research folk, how’s the market looking?

BW: Our marketing research team wrote a great piece for American Marketing Association Magazine that offers an in-depth view of changes in the hiring market for marketing researchers. I highly recommend it if you want to stay aware of shifts in the landscape that may affect your career.

Bottom line: Lots of client-side opportunities are available, with more supplier side openings in the past six months. Most roles are Manager to Senior Manager level, with increasingly more Director-level and above.

Interested in more tips? Check out our new slideshares with career tips, hiring advice, and salary info, and download our studies or view all of our webinar recordings for free on our website.

Want the latest career news and research delivered straight to your news feed? Then be sure to follow us on LinkedIn, or follow @BurtchWorks on Twitter!

Burtch Works' Top Career Tips for Analytics & Marketing Research Professionals from Linda Burtch

Tell Your Kids to be Data Scientists – Not Doctors

Recently I had the pleasure of being interviewed by John Phillips at CNBC about our data scientist salary study. His article, Why Your Kids Will Want to be Data Scientists, was published at the end of May, and in it he raised a very interesting point:

“According to Burtch Works’ 2014 study of salaries for data scientists… those responsible for a team of 1-3 earn [a median salary of] $140,000 and those responsible for a team of 10 or more earn $232,500.

By contrast, the mean average annual income for a lawyer in America was $131,990 in 2013, while doctors earned $183,940, according to data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.”

Did you hear that? Data scientists earning more than doctors! For complete salary information for data scientists, Big Data professionals and market research professionals, download the full reports for free here. Salary is not the only reason however, that I would recommend encouraging your children to pursue statistics and coding over going to medical school.

How Data Scientists Are Supplementing Doctors

There are big changes happening in healthcare right now, and the implementation of EHR (electronic health records) in particular is a great example of how data scientists will be working with doctors in the future. The move to EHR is picking up steam, and the Center for Disease Control reports that 78% of office-based doctors are using EHR as of 2013, with that number only expected to grow as practices will face penalties for non-compliance. All of these electronic patient records spell out Big Data for the healthcare fields, and data scientists - like all quantitative folks - love data. These medical data could not only offer tremendous insights that change the face of modern medicine, but also offer rewarding opportunities to the data scientists who must decipher the data.

Patient care also stands to receive enormous benefits from data science. Venture capitalist Vinod Khosla was recently quoted at the Standford University School of Medicine’s Big Data in Biomedicine conference saying, “Humans are not good when 500 variables affect a disease. We are guided too much by opinions, not by statistical science.” While a doctor may be trained to look for many factors when diagnosing an ailment, some of these diseases are impossibly complex, and patients could stand to gain faster, safer treatment if left in the hands of a well-developed machine, or even a physician aided by one. For example, IBM’s Watson is already collaborating with Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center to help doctors make better cancer treatment choices. The human interaction between patient and physician will continue to be important, but data scientists will have a measurable impact on the future of healthcare.

Career of the Future

One of my predictions for the analytics hiring market this year was that data scientists would be embedded in analytics groups, and with the internet of things, the increase in wearables, social media sentiment analysis and many more applications for data science, it’s no wonder this career has so much buzz around it. With the increase in demand, shortage of talent, high salaries and applications in every industry, data science is becoming a good option for career success. The road to that success begins with a strong early foundation in math, and (perhaps) some nudging from the parents. I can’t tell you how excited I was when my daughter, Becky (who started college this year at Macalester), changed her major to math, as I believe strongly that this is a career path that offers a bright future. Who knows, maybe one day I’ll have a data scientist in the family!

State of the Marketing Research Hiring Market 2014

As part of my guest blogger series, the Burtch Works marketing research team, Karla Ahern and Naomi Keller, will be sharing some of their articles previously published in AMA magazine. In April Karla and Naomi published the following article on the state of the market, who's hiring, and which skills researchers need to stay competitive. You can also check out a video on the AMA site with highlights from the article.

State of the Market 2014

Last summer, we looked closely at trends in market research hiring as the economy moved towards recovery. At that time, we were beginning to see steady growth in job availability as well as a renewed sense of urgency within the marketplace. As more jobs became available, candidates were going on and off the market more quickly, often interviewing and fielding offers from multiple companies. As a result, hiring authorities recognized the need to act fast to snag the best employees and critically evaluate their compensation packages. Most of this activity was happening on the client side in the pharmaceutical, technology and retail industries. In 2014, we’re seeing this growth and urgency continue with some interesting new trends.

First off, we’d be remiss not to address the few rough patches in the landscape. As the economy continues to recover, retail and restaurants have been slow to return. The difficult winter has not helped these industries and some well-known companies have begun taking a hard look at headcount.  Additionally, some CPG companies are seeing declines in market share, potentially due to consumer adoption of high quality, lower priced private label brands. However, in the field of market research, consumer behavioral changes inherently represent great opportunities for growth, and investment in research will always illuminate the best strategies to address these changes.

In our conversations with clients this year, a frequent talking point has been their recommitment to the expansion of consumer insights departments. This is great news for the industry as a whole, whether you work on the client or supplier side. Reinvestment in research should ripple throughout the industry and if corporate entities lead the charge, we’ll likely see suppliers and consultants staff up to meet the increased demand. So far, we’re seeing a split as departments expand; some are pulling their research more in-house while others are broadening their research capacity while continuing to outsource to vendors.

As a result of this growth, we’re also starting to see more Director-level roles open up. Last year the majority of openings were at the Manager to Senior Manager-level, but as companies commit to expanding their insights teams, they want experienced market researchers at the helm to guide long-term strategy and growth, and in some cases, help build a consumer insights function from scratch. This trend should prove beneficial for both junior and senior level candidates because as employees move up or out, roles will be back filled, allowing career mobility for junior and mid-level employees.

The expansion of consumer insights teams and the increase in Director level roles appears to also be contributing to an increased need for candidates with direct management experience. From manager roles upward, many of our clients are telling us that they want employees with demonstrated leadership success. Job seekers should be sure to highlight these skills on their resume and during interviews in order to stay competitive. For candidates without direct reports, we recommend emphasizing vendor management and project management experience if applicable.

After the long winter, the signs of continued job growth are clear and confidence is returning to companies and candidates. For those who were waiting out the economic slowdown, now may be a good time to start exploring the market. Even those who aren’t looking for a career change can benefit from understanding how the landscape is changing and how these new trends will affect their current role and their career overall. And as always, a conversation with your specialized recruiter is a great place to start.

Need to Rewrite Your Resume? Four Tips Before You Submit

As you probably know, expecting to land an interview without revamping your resume is a costly mistake. Obviously your resume should reflect any changes in your work history, but it should also grab an employer's attention and convince them that you are worth interviewing. Since their first impression of you will likely be the resume you submit, you should make sure to put time and thought into crafting one that tells your story and emphasizes your unique skill set.

In continuation of my guest blogger series, Burtch Works' marketing research specialists Karla Ahern and Naomi Keller will be sharing their top tips for writing a resume. With years of experience viewing many (many) resumes for our candidates, there are four main areas that demand your attention. You can find the original article posted here.

As recruiters and former market researchers, we have a unique vantage point into the field of market research. We have both an intimate, experiential knowledge of the day-to-day life of market research, as well as an overall view that allows us to see the varying trends that affect the marketplace. As a result, our candidates come to us with a variety of questions regarding their search process and “How can I improve my résumé?” is one of the most frequent ones we hear. A strong résumé is compelling and concise, and it effortlessly tells your story. Here are our top tips to achieve that effect:

1. Highlight the impact you’ve had at your organization, not just your day-to-day responsibilities. 
As a market researcher, you already understand the importance of telling a story. It’s not enough to provide data tables for a study; you have to provide insightful analysis and connect it to the overall effect for the brand. The same goes for your own résumé. While your responsibilities are a crucial element of your story, employers are always looking for that last impactful punch, so be sure to explain how you contributed to the success of the company in a quantifiable way.

2. Add summary and objective statements.
Don’t make the mistake of thinking that your work history will tell your story for you. Adding a summary and objective statement to the top of your résumé is your chance to contextualize your experience and craft your career narrative. You want to boil down the essence of your background and phrase it in a compelling way that draws a clear line between your achievements and your career objectives. 

3. Include your core competencies. 
Similar to summary statements, we recommend that candidates include a list of key competencies at the top of their résumés. This is your opportunity to call out your methodological expertise and specialized skills in a visually impactful way. As with any résumé, tailor the highlighted skills to the specific position that you’re seeking. If it’s a consumer insights manager role, for example, you’ll want to highlight the types of survey methodologies that you’re familiar with, quantitative and qualitative research expertise, vendor management experience, etc. 

4. Keep your LinkedIn profile fresh.
Sometimes having a polished résumé only goes so far. There are hiring managers and recruiters cross-checking you on LinkedIn, not to mention sourcing for positions that you may want but don’t even know about. Keeping your profile up to date is imperative. It’s fine to be selective about what you share on LinkedIn, but at the very least, make sure your profile is current to your latest job, consistent with your résumé for all dates and titles, and tightly edited, and includes an overall description of each of your roles.  

Ultimately, the most important thing to remember when crafting your résumé is that the first make-or-break initial scan will be brief, often less than 20 seconds. Your goal should be a concise, organized and memorable résumé that tells your story, both where you’ve been and where you intend to go.

Kaggle Flourishes by Embracing the Competitive Nature of the Data Scientist

The emergence and success of Kaggle, a website dedicated to matching number crunchers with companies in need, shows us that no matter how challenging the problem there is always someone willing and eager to tackle it head on.

We’ve been hearing more and more about Kaggle in various capacities: candidates posting their Kaggle ranks on their LinkedIn profiles, students or recent grads using the site to gain experience with unstructured data, or even companies asking for candidates’ Kaggle rankings in job postings. For an aspiring data scientist with little to no experience this could be a invaluable tool to gain experience with real-world big, messy data.

Kaggle has grown in popularity from 25,000 to over 100,000 members in a little over a year and received attention from numerous publications such as The New York Times and Forbes about its unique service. Quantitative professionals from all over the globe can compete for prize money by offering intellectual property including any algorithms, models, solutions etc.

In addition to earning money for their services, Quants have the opportunity to hone their skills and see how their solutions and skills rank against other members. For companies who cannot afford or do not need a full time analytics staff, Kaggle will match you with a team based on your specific initiative that you can hire on a contract basis.  According to the founders of Kaggle, their intention was to inspire great performance by inciting competition amongst the members.

The competitions are divided into sections, with one dedicated to “Getting Started” which offers entries and students looking to test their skills on real data sets an opportunity to see how they compare to working data scientists worldwide. There have also been competitions from Belkin, Amazon and Expedia for more advanced participants.

Most recently, Facebook is using Kaggle to host a recruiting competition. Could this site completely revolutionize the way Quants learn, share, compete or job-hunt within the community? As anyone keeping abreast of Big Data news will tell you, we’re moving into the age of digital everything- socializing, interviewing, learning- why not digital sports for the data scientists too?

Your Webinar Questions Answered Part 2

Thank you again to those of you who attended my webinar presentation on The Burtch Works Study - a comprehensive look at the salaries and demographics of Big Data professionals. In case you missed it, The Burtch Works Study and webinar presentation are available here. 

Due to the volume of questions I received during the webinar (we had over 750 registrants) I decided to share some of my insights on my blog in two parts, Part 1 is available here.

10.) Are you seeing salaries for non-Big Data (e.g., market research, smaller scale database or CRM analysts) increasing as a side effect of Big Data demand?

LB:  Not yet, but we’ll keep an eye out since we cover those areas too.

11.) I am working in a company that is just beginning to realize the benefits of big data; any suggestions for how to further present the benefits of data and Big Data professionals to a company that so far has not thought it was worth the cost? (Especially how to negotiate salary for data professionals.)

LB: Great question! The payoff for investing in the right Big Data professional is the difference between an ineffective, costly foray into Big Data and a successful and brand-strengthening opportunity. I would highly recommend investigating and presenting specific insights related to your industry. There are new examples every day of companies who are using this wealth of information to their advantage. I would also emphasize that soon the time to gain an edge on the competition will have passed and your company may find itself trying to catch up instead of being a front-runner in the industry. Be diligent about staying abreast of new developments and make sure to network. When you are given the chance, tackle a small project first, rather than going after a big, lengthy project that might not show any results for months. Choose a smaller project where you can quickly get some encouraging reports  that will help to show  that this is worth investing more time (and money!) in, and allow you more time to go after a bigger, more influential project. As for salary negotiations, a couple of my contacts have already used excerpts from our study as support for the case within their organizations for higher salaries within analytics.

12.) When it comes to recruiting candidates, does age play a role as gender does?

LB: In my opinion it has more to do with attitude, energy, commitment and the ability to change and grow. Companies want to hire someone who is capable of adapting to the changes happening every day in the industry and who will be able to capitalize on new opportunities.

13.) Story Telling is a big part of Analytics in any organization. It is an art and a science...Can a Data Scientist play this role?

LB:  Absolutely. Story-telling and strong communication skills are critical for success in analytics. The most successful people in this role can work in a quantitative, technical way as well as selling their ideas to a non-technical audience. I wouldn’t say that one quality is necessarily better to have than the other, but having both makes you a very strong candidate.

14.) There seems to be a lot of tension within and around corporations these days with regards to where the data resides and where it should reside. The data belongs to the company but within the company where does it belong? And if the bulk of a company’s customer-centric data is moved out of IT does this mean the people who work in IT are less valuable or expendable?

LB: You're right in that there's tension in the industry around this issue, mainly because it's become front and center. From my perspective, I think it's extremely important that the relationship between the head of IT and the head of analytics is a strong one. If data is moved out of IT I don’t think that makes IT people more expendable.  Anyone that works for a corporation is expendable, and the best way to manage this is to ensure that your skills are up-to-date and marketable in the long run.

15.) Why is it never a good idea to accept a counter offer?  I understand that a few people would be annoyed, but isn't that a common outcome?

LB: The number one reason people make the decision to leave is because they want a new challenge or a new environment. Money sometimes plays a part but should not be the only reason. If money is the number one reason you should talk to your boss before going on the market because accepting counter offers is generally frowned upon. It’s a small world and the last thing you want to do is burn any bridges during a transition.

16.)  Many of the Analytics Management roles I see posted require deep SAS skills, but do you see growth in roles for those who understand analytics and the applications to solve business problems? Ideally managing a team of analytic professionals but focusing more on strategic goals rather than modeling and being an analytic coach?

LB:  I am definitely noticing growth in this area, which I call "Analytics Management" - people who are savvy with numbers and insights, but don't necessarily have the deep modeling and statistical skills of traditional analytics professionals. The most valuable however, can manage, lead and coach with hands-on skills.

17.)  I am definitely noticing growth in this area, which I call "Analytics Management" - people who are savvy with numbers and insights, but don't necessarily have the deep modeling and statistical skills of traditional analytics professionals. The most valuable however, can manage, lead and coach with hands-on skills.

LB: I would advise identifying what specifically is making you unhappy so you can possibly come to a resolution with your boss. If a satisfying compromise can’t be made, then perhaps it’s time to update your LinkedIn profile and start looking!

18.)  I’ve established myself as a strong candidate and am receiving offers, but I want to make sure that I land the ideal fit: I don't want to get locked into a job that will exhaust me and my family!

LB:  It’s a great question because it’s a difficult one, especially when you are in demand! Considering your desire for work/life balance, as general rule avoid consulting, finance or startups and make sure to discuss your concern with your potential hiring manager to get a feel for the company culture. Feel free to reach out us if we can help you evaluate a role, even if it’s not through us!

At Burtch Works we are always looking for trends within the analytics field, so be sure to check back and see if we have posted any new research results!

Immigration Reform and Analytics

Immigration reform has been on the lips of almost every political commentator in the past few weeks. The topic is heavily debated and cumbersome in detail, but as members of the analytic community we must understand it as it affects our job market directly.  As we reported in The Burtch Works Study 58.8% of entry-level Big Data professionals are not U.S. citizens, which means that companies are looking abroad for professionals with the necessary skills to tackle their data sets and analytics challenges.

Companies want the best and brightest in the quantitative sciences, and the fact is that right now many of these workers come from outside the U.S. As pointed out by John Shinal in this article that I posted on twitter many companies are building offices overseas when the available visas run out since, “the 65,000 cap on H-1Bs for this year was reached on the very first day that the government began accepting visa applications”. The competition is quite clearly global, and this immigration reform could help boost our standing in the community by encouraging companies to keep their offices here in the U.S.

Rosario Marin, former US Treasurer under President George W. Bush points out in her recent op-ed piece in the Wall Street Journal, “The current skilled-labor shortage—particularly for workers in science, technology, engineering and math occupations—puts U.S. companies at a disadvantage. By 2020, an estimated 1.5 million jobs will go unfilled, according to McKinsey & Co. Until America can educate enough graduates in these fields to meet the demand, legal immigration is the only option to find the necessary talent.” Most of these 1.5 million jobs are in analytics and that number will only continue to grow with further advancements in harnessing Big Data. Even most of the graduate students who excel in quantitative programs at the Master’s and PhD levels in the US come from outside of America. When these students graduate, we need to ensure companies are able to sponsor their visas and keep them in the country lest they find employment opportunities in Europe or Asia.

My hope for any change in the current immigration system is that the United States can continue to provide the best technological and scientific advancements that benefit us every day. Relative to that, as the economy continues its recovery we will see a renewed urgency to hire and fill positions that support such advancements within analytics that didn’t exist ten years ago. This Gallup Poll shows Americans mostly in favor of some type of immigration reform, and though I would not claim that the current bill is the best option, it is certainly a starting point. 

Job Distribution by Major Metropolitan Areas

A few weeks ago I shared with you which cities are hiring quantitative professionals. But what industries are prominent in which cities? Click here to find out where technology, pharmaceutical, consulting and other industries are hiring. 

Burtch Works Knows Who's Hiring!

Burtch Works Knows Where the Jobs Are!